Improvement in hydeocaeeon-buhwees



Leurs VERsTRAET,

or. PARI-s, FRANCE.

Letters 'PatentNa 84,234, dated November 1 7, 1868,

IMPROVEMENT IN HYDROCARBON-BURNERS.

4Tire`Beieil`e eferr to in these lletterxrr.PatentA and making part of -the same.

To all whom fit may concern:

Be it known that I, Louis VERSTRAET, of Paris, the French Empire, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Apparatus for `Burning Petroleum; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription thereof, which will enable those skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference. being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in the use of petroleum or other mineral-oils for fuel for generating steam in steam-boilers, and for other purposes; and

It consists in the peculiar construction'axul arrange- 'ment of the furnaces, air-discharge tubes, and oil-reservoirs; in the useof air which .has been saturated with the vapor of the petroleum in therescivoir, in combination with the petroleum in the process of combustion; and in supplying the boiler, in part, with the water v condensed from the vapors evolved in the process of :combustion on their passage through the smoke-nues of the boiler.

Figure l is a vertical section of a steam-boiler, showing the construction and arrangement of the furnaces, the carburetted-air-supplypipes connected therewith,

- and the construction and 'arrangement of the oil-reservoir, with the oil and air-supply pipes connected with the furnaces. Figure 2, sheet 2, is a horizontal section of g. l, through the line y y, giving a longitudinal view of the furnaces and lire-nues andthe receptacle for the water of condensation.

Figure 3 is a vertical section through the line z' z of fig. l.

This reservoir is made With a double wall o1' casing,

b b', the space between which is iilled in with some good incombustiblc absorbent material, so that the contents of the reservoir would be readily taken up or absorbed in case the reservoir were penetratedor fractured byia shot, thereby preventing` all dangerof explosion.v

This filling, which is marked C, is alsode'signed to be of suiiic-icnt thicknessbr body and'teuacity to resist or dea-den a shot, so that, in ordinary mises, the contents of the reservoir would notbc disturbed.'

D represent-s the with the oil.

E represents the pipe which conveys the air which pipe which supplies the fr u'l'raccs has been cnrbnretted or passed through thercservoir in contact with the oil, containing-the 'vapors which rise in the reservoir.

F represents the pipe through which atmospheric air is forced into the furnace, in combination with the carburetted air. G is'a coclrin the pipe D, ibrstopping the owor discharge of oil to the irnace when desired.

f Hl represents branch pipes, supplied with cocks, connected with the pipe D, for supplying each of the furnaces with oil. e

I represents the furnaces. These furnaces are distributed oeither in or Iunder a boiler, corresponding in number with the size ef the boiler.

-In this example of my invention, the oil is consumed in long semi-cylindrical Iiunaces, with water-legs to the boiler on each side, andthe iire and smoke-nues K K y above.

llhe furnaces I are partially filled with calcined and purified pumice-stone or other good incombustible absorbent, L. 'lhe greater portion of the pumice-stone is exposed above the oil, for absorbing` the vapors which rise in the process of combustion, and subjecting them to the actiouof the currents of air, which are made to mingle therewith.

The depth of 'the oil inthe furnaces is designed to remain uniform at alltimes, the supply being constant, and regulated by the cocks, so'. that the oil will pass only as fast-as it is consumed.

"lhe construction of the air-discharge tube E is seen in 4.

Eg is closed at its base, and has a' conical perforated end, e, through which the air is discharged inl small jetsin'contact with theburning petroleum.

E is a cylinder,- with a conical end, and entirely closed at both ends.

m represents an annular space around F is the pipe, through which compressed air isforced from a blowing-cylinder or pump, which plpe 1s seen in o. l.

Norepresents branch-pipes from the pipe E, which convey the carburetted air into the annular space m.

The strong current of air which is forced through the pipe F, and dischargedthrough E at e, produces a draught of air into the reservoir through the vertical pipe o. l

This draught of air, as it leaves thereservoir, takes v with it the vapor which is constantly rising from its- Avvolatile contents, which vapor is conducted to the furnaces, as before stated, thus preventing any accumulation of dangerous vapors'or gases in the reservoir.

By thus withdrawing the light and v01at1le portions Aof the oil, they are utilized, instead of being suffered to escape and contaminate the atmosphere.

l? represents a float, so arranged as to regulate the l supply of oil to the reservoir. .Y

Theair-discharge tubes or truncatcdcones E are connected with thc ends'of the boiler or furnaces, and they may be placed at intermediate points, if desired or, if it should be found necessary, in order to supply the requisite quantitylof air to produce a perfect combustion.

In the vertical section, g. 3, the course of the products of combustion is indicated by the arrows.

R represents the smoke-chambers.

When the products of combustion Vhave passed through the boiler and smoke-tubes, and thereby been reduced in temperature, condensation will take place,' and water be formed in the smoke-tubes, which Will find its Way into the chamber S, from whence it is withdrawn, and discharged by a force-pump into the boiler.

T represents the ash-pit doers, beneath the furnaces, through which are holes, u, for supplying cold air to the furnaces.- Y

V is a horizontal line, which is designed te indicate the height of the oil in the furnaces.

In the application of my invention I do not confine myself to any particular kind or description of boiler, although the' advantages to be derived from the use of liquid fuel will perhaps be more fully realized in inarine boilers than in locomotives or land-engine boilers.

The principal objections hitherto urged against the use of petroleum or other mineral-oils, is the danger of explosion from the accumulation of inflammable gases or vapors in the oil-tanks or reservoirs, and also the disagreeable and injurious effuviuin which escapes from the oil.

In war-vessels it is urged that, should a shot pene' trate the reservoir, certain destruction to the vessel lwould be the consequence, from the combustion which must inevitably ensue.

It Will beseen that, in niy invention, all these oby jections have been met and obviated.

I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters 4.. flliischarging into the furnace, and utilizing as fuel, the vapors rising from the oil in the reservoir, substantially as shown and described.

5. Producing a current of air through the reservoir, in contact with the oil therein, substantially as and for the purposes described.

6. The filling 0,111 combination with an oil-reservoir, substantially7 as'and for the purposes described.

7. The air-discharge tube E', closed at its ba-se,'

having n conical end,l perforated at e, and surrounding the closed' conical-ended tube E, in such a manner as to leave an annular space, m, between them, and arranged, with relation to the-air-supply pipe F and gaspipe N, as herein described, for the purpose specified.

LS. VERSTRAET,

Witnesses:

A. GUIoN, DEMOS. 

